Who was born in April 1889

Portuguese statesman, economist, and academic who served as Prime Minister from 1932 to 1968, establishing the Estado Novo regime, one of modern Europe's longest-lived authoritarian dictatorships

Austrian philosopher and logician known for his work in logic, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of mind, and philosophy of language

Swiss chemist and biochemist who shared the 1937 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his investigations on carotenoids, flavins, and vitamins A and B2

Austrian-born German politician, dictator of Germany from 1933 to 1945, main instigator of World War II, and central figure in the perpetration of the Holocaust

English comic actor, filmmaker, and composer who created the iconic screen persona of the Tramp, becoming a worldwide legend of the silent film era and one of cinema's most important figures

English historian and philosopher who studied civilizations and served as Director of Studies at Chatham House, producing 34 volumes on international affairs

Chilean poet, diplomat, and educator who became the first Latin American author to receive a Nobel Prize in Literature for her powerful lyric poetry