生平

American poet and physician renowned for his humorous prose and impactful medical reforms, including saving the USS Constitution with a poem

American psychologist who pioneered the study of learning processes, laying the groundwork for educational psychology with his "law of effect"

American novelist known for his experimental U.S.A. trilogy and a shifting political lens on 20th-century America

American musician, singer, and songwriter who co-founded the Beach Boys and was a visionary record producer

African-American educator, author, and orator who founded the Tuskegee Institute and advocated for Black progress through education and entrepreneurship

American physicist who co-discovered neptunium and the synchrotron, earning a Nobel Prize for his work on transuranium elements

American economist whose game theory analysis revealed hidden strategies in conflict, cooperation, and social dynamics

American actress, visual artist, and activist known for her early film roles and her celebrated comeback in <i>Titanic</i>

American composer and pianist known as the "King of Ragtime," whose iconic "Maple Leaf Rag" shaped a genre and whose music was celebrated posthumously

American biochemist and Nobel laureate who was the first to isolate and crystallize a virus, bridging the gap between living and non-living matter

American stage actor from a famous theatrical family, known for his energetic performances and for assassinating President Abraham Lincoln.

American diplomat and historian best known for advocating the Cold War policy of containment against Soviet expansion

American biochemist who discovered that enzymes could be crystallized and proved they were proteins, earning him a Nobel Prize

American actress best known for her unforgettable role in Alfred Hitchcock's Psycho and her warm, versatile performances over five decades

Indian philosopher and social reformer who championed Vishishtadvaita Vedanta and opened spiritual paths to all

First American Nobel laureate in Chemistry, recognized for his exact determinations of atomic weights and providing evidence for isotopes

American singer-songwriter whose folk songs, like "This Land Is Your Land," captured the spirit of the working class and addressed social injustice

American politician known as 'Cactus Jack' who served as Vice President under Franklin D. Roosevelt and Speaker of the House

American band leader and composer who defined the big band sound with hits like "Moonlight Serenade" and "Chattanooga Choo Choo" before going missing in action during WWII

American novelist, short story writer, poet, and journalist known for his innovative realism and naturalism in works like "The Red Badge of Courage" and "The Open Boat"

American singer known as the "Matriarch of Blues," famous for her powerful voice and iconic songs like "At Last" and "I'd Rather Go Blind"

American writer celebrated for her evocative novels of life on the Great Plains, including My Ántonia and O Pioneers!

American physicist and chemist who developed the molecular orbital theory, a cornerstone of modern chemistry, earning him the Nobel Prize.

American experimental physicist who shared the 1988 Nobel Prize for the discovery of the muon neutrino