Who was born in 1901

Cuban military officer and politician who served as President and later dictator, influencing Cuban politics for decades

Polish-American logician and mathematician best known for his foundational work in model theory, metamathematics, and algebraic logic, influencing abstract algebra, set theory, and analytic philosophy

1st President of the Republic of Egypt and co-leader of the Free Officers movement that ended the monarchy

Japanese politician and Prime Minister from 1964 to 1972, known for securing the return of Okinawa and winning the Nobel Peace Prize in 1974 for his efforts in Pacific rim stabilization and signing the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty

Emperor of Japan from 1926 to 1989, the longest-reigning in Japanese history, overseeing WWII and the postwar economic miracle, and a dedicated zoologist and marine biologist

French psychoanalyst and writer who significantly impacted continental philosophy, cultural theory, and the practice of psychoanalysis

The first President of Indonesia and a noted politician and art collector who led the nation from 1945 to 1967

French artist, painter, and sculptor known for founding the art brut movement and challenging traditional aesthetics

Prolific English writer, media personality, and novelist, celebrated as one of the best-selling authors globally for her romance novels

Italian film director and actor who pioneered neorealist cinema with masterworks like "Bicycle Thieves"

Italian poet, translator, and literary critic, awarded the 1959 Nobel Prize in Literature for his powerful lyrical poetry

Italian–American physicist known as the 'architect of the nuclear age' who created the world's first artificial nuclear reactor and won the 1938 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work with neutron irradiation and slow neutrons

French film director known for his ascetic, minimalist approach to cinema, utilizing non-professional actors and sparse scoring to create profound, often tragic, narratives

American physiologist who pioneered hormone therapy for prostate cancer and won the Nobel Prize

Swiss sculptor, painter, writer, and illustrator known for his attenuated figures that explored existential and phenomenological debates

Turkish communist poet, playwright, and novelist whose lyrical work earned him international acclaim despite periods of imprisonment and exile

Prominent German politician and propagandist, wife of Joseph Goebbels, and close ally of Adolf Hitler

French novelist, art theorist, and statesman who won the Prix Goncourt for La Condition Humaine and served as France's first cultural affairs minister under Charles de Gaulle

King of the Belgians who navigated the tumultuous period of World War II and was known for his passions as a photographer and naturalist

Iconic German and American actress and singer, known for her distinct voice, captivating film roles, and dedicated work as a WWII entertainer

King of Greece from 1947 to 1964, sovereign born and died in Athens

American animator, producer, director, screenwriter, voice actor, and entrepreneur who founded The Walt Disney Company and became an animation pioneer