Who was born in 1899

South African-American virologist and physician who developed the life-saving vaccine against yellow fever, earning him the Nobel Prize in 1951

Turkish politician who served as Prime Minister from 1950 to 1960, co-founded the Democrat Party, and oversaw Turkey's admission to NATO in 1952

German writer, poet, and screenwriter, celebrated for his humorous children's books such as Emil and the Detectives, and his socially astute poetry

5th President of the Republic of Turkey and distinguished military officer who served from 1966 to 1973

Austrian and British economist, philosopher, and political scientist who won the 1974 Nobel Memorial Prize for his work on economic fluctuations and the role of prices in communicating information

Japanese novelist and short story writer, known for his spare, lyrical prose and as the first Japanese Nobel laureate in Literature

German politician, lawyer, and theologian who served as President of West Germany from 1969 to 1974, following terms as Minister of the Interior and Minister of Justice

British-American actor, director, and screenwriter known for his Academy Award-winning performances and a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame

Argentine writer, essayist, poet, and translator known for his profound short stories like Ficciones and El Aleph, which explored themes of labyrinths, infinity, and dreams, and significantly influenced magical realism and philosophical literature

British filmmaker known as the "Master of Suspense" who directed over 50 feature films and hosted the iconic Alfred Hitchcock Presents television series

Australian virologist and immunologist who won a Nobel Prize in 1960 for predicting acquired immune tolerance and developing the theory of clonal selection

Zhuang Chinese historian, ethnologist, educator, politician, university teacher, folklorist, and anthropologist