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Queen of Scotland, known as the Maid of Norway, whose brief designation as monarch shaped a period of Scottish history

Japanese samurai and politician, supreme commander of the Japanese army, and one of the three great nobles who led the Meiji Restoration

King of Denmark and Norway who established Lutheranism as the state religion during the Protestant Reformation

Iraqi military officer and politician who served as the fourth president of Iraq from 1968 to 1979, and a leading member of the Ba'ath Party

Indian industrialist, engineer, entrepreneur, and philanthropist who chaired Tata Group from 1991 to 2012 and received India's highest civilian honors

German immunologist and Nobel laureate who co-developed the hybridoma technique for producing monoclonal antibodies, a foundational method in modern medicine and biotechnology

Indian organic chemist noted for her research on vinca alkaloids, development of anti-epileptic and anti-malarial drugs, and extensive writings on medicinal plants of the Indian subcontinent

Hungarian politician who served as Prime Minister from 1994 to 1998, also recognized as an economist and diplomat

Hungarian poet, writer, translator, and journalist known as the "Shakespeare of ballads" for his 102 ballads and the Toldi trilogy

British motorcycle and Formula One legend, and the only person to win World Championships on both two and four wheels

Ireland's first President, a distinguished historian, poet, and folklorist, and a leading figure in the Gaelic revival

German-American political philosopher and historian of political philosophy known for his interpretations of ancient and medieval thought, his account of classical natural right, and his influence on twentieth-century political theory by advocating for a return to classical understanding

English physician and athlete who became the first person in history to run a mile in under four minutes, later a respected neurologist

Brazilian footballer and coach who played in three FIFA World Cups, winning two

An influential Estonian poet, writer, translator, and journalist, known for 16 Nobel Prize in Literature nominations

Japanese schoolchild and origami artist known for her story of folding over a thousand paper cranes after the atomic bombing of Hiroshima

Spanish Romantic poet, writer, politician, and military officer, celebrated for his influential works like 'El diablo mundo' and 'Poesías'

Australian politician and 22nd Prime Minister of Australia, serving as the leader of the Liberal Party from 1975 to 1983

Austrian writer whose novel <em>Menschen im Hotel</em> became an international sensation, adapted into film and musical

German nobleman, jurist, and economist who served as Minister of Finance from 1932 to 1945 and briefly as de facto Chancellor in 1945

Japanese association football player who represented his country as a member of the Japan national team

British Nobel laureate in Chemistry, known for pioneering inorganic chemistry and homogeneous transition metal catalysis, particularly his work on organometallic sandwich compounds

Soviet and Russian composer known for modernist sacred music and innovative use of microtonality and chromaticism

Japanese karateka, founder of Shotokan karate, and "father of modern karate" who introduced the art to mainland Japan