Who was born in 1908

Hungarian-American theoretical physicist known as 'the father of the hydrogen bomb' and co-creator of the Teller–Ulam design

French existentialist philosopher and feminist activist who wrote the influential work "The Second Sex" and helped launch modern feminist theory

Visionary British film director known for cinematic epics such as Lawrence of Arabia and Doctor Zhivago, and acclaimed adaptations like Great Expectations and Brief Encounter

Austrian conductor and music director known for his 34-year tenure with the Berlin Philharmonic and an estimated 200 million records sold

Swedish electrical engineer, plasma physicist, and science fiction author who won the 1970 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on magnetohydrodynamics and plasma physics

29th president of Chile and the first Marxist elected to lead a liberal democracy in Latin America

French humanist photographer considered a master of candid photography and pioneer of street photography, known for his concept of 'the decisive moment'

Soviet Armenian astrophysicist and science administrator, widely regarded as the founder of theoretical astrophysics in the Soviet Union

Canadian-American economist, diplomat, and public official whose bestselling books on economics and influential service during World War II helped stabilize the American economy

Belgian-born French anthropologist and ethnologist whose work was key in the development of structuralism and structural anthropology

Jewish Austrian Holocaust survivor and renowned Nazi hunter who dedicated his life to documenting wartime atrocities and bringing perpetrators to justice