American statesman, diplomat, and Founding Father who served as the fourth president and is known as the "Father of the Constitution" for his role in drafting the U.S. Constitution and the Bill of Rights

French army officer, writer, and composer known for creating La Marseillaise, the national anthem of France

Prêtre et homme d'État français, théoricien politique majeur de la Révolution française, il a occupé des postes au Consulat français et au Premier Empire.

French physicist and mathematician who founded the science of classical electromagnetism and invented the solenoid and electrical telegraph

King of France and Navarre from 1824 to 1830, known for leading the ultra-royalist faction and affirming absolute monarchy by divine right