生平

German expressionist novelist, physician, and essayist known for Berlin Alexanderplatz and his contributions to German literary modernism

French composer, conductor, and writer who was a dominant figure of post-war contemporary classical music and founder of several musical institutions

Sicilian Prince and writer best known for his posthumously published novel, <em>The Leopard</em>, which chronicles the decline of the aristocracy

Polish novelist, journalist, and literary critic who became a leading figure in Polish literature and philosophy, known for impactful works like "Anielka" and "Emancypantki"

Iconic Greek composer, lyricist, and politician known for over 1,000 works spanning classical, laiko, rebetiko, and éntekhno music, and for influential literary contributions

Hungarian-American war photographer and photojournalist, widely considered the greatest combat and adventure photographer in history, known for his fearless documentation of 20th-century conflicts

French mathematician, physicist, military officer, and politician instrumental in transforming the French Revolutionary Army and a leading member of the Committee of Public Safety

French philosopher, sociologist, journalist, and political scientist, one of France's most prominent 20th-century thinkers

First prime minister of Canada and dominant figure of Canadian Confederation, serving from 1867 to 1873 and 1878 to 1891

Pakistani general, politician, and diplomat who served as the third president of Pakistan and fifth commander-in-chief of the Pakistan Army

Albanian statesman who served as the nation's prime minister, president, and only king, guiding Albania from 1922 to 1939

Soviet and Russian actor and clown celebrated for his comedic film roles and circus performances, notably in Gaidai's films like The Diamond Arm

King of the Franks from 1060 to 1108 who oversaw a modest recovery of the monarchy and expanded the royal domain by adding the Vexin region and the viscountcy of Bourges

French philosopher and literary theorist best known for his articulation of postmodernism and its impact on the human condition

Swiss actor celebrated for nearly 60 years in German stage, television, and film, known for iconic roles in films like The American Friend and Wings of Desire

German actor known for his intense performance style and prolific career with over 130 film roles, including five notable collaborations with Werner Herzog

South African anti-apartheid activist, teacher, and politician who served as President-General of the African National Congress from 1952 until 1967

Ethiopian double Olympic marathon champion who famously won the 1960 Rome marathon barefoot and successfully defended his title in Tokyo 1964

Lithuanian-American archaeologist known for her pioneering research into Old Europe and the Kurgan hypothesis of Indo-European origins

Swiss-American naturalist and geologist recognized as a scholar of Earth's natural history, with significant work in ichthyology and glaciology

Japanese aesthetician, actor, and playwright who systematized and theorized Noh theater, developing key concepts like yūgen and hana

German-American biophysicist and Nobel laureate who, with the Phage Group, unraveled the genetic structure and replication mechanism of viruses

French economist and politician who served as President of the European Commission and played a key role in the creation of the European single market and the euro

French artist, film director, screenwriter, and photographer known for her innovative contributions to cinema and visual arts