生平

Swiss physical chemist and Nobel laureate who made significant contributions to his field

German chemist who received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1928 for his research into the constitution of sterols and their connection with vitamins

Italian writer and journalist, celebrated for his children's literature and recipient of the Hans Christian Andersen Medal

King of West Francia and Lotharingia, a Carolingian monarch who reigned during a period of significant change in early medieval Europe

Australian virologist and immunologist who won a Nobel Prize in 1960 for predicting acquired immune tolerance and developing the theory of clonal selection

Italian conductor and music director known for his extensive work with major orchestras and his dedication to classical music

Last King of the direct Capetian line, King of France and Navarre from 1322 to 1328

Swiss poet, writer, novelist, and chancery manager known for his literary realism in works like <i>Green Henry</i> and <i>Seldwyla Folks</i>

Argentine physiologist and Nobel laureate who discovered the role of pituitary hormones in regulating glucose metabolism

Soviet and Georgian composer known for his unique classical and contemporary classical works and film scores

Elector of Brandenburg, Duke of Prussia, and the first King in Prussia, who elevated his realm to a kingdom

Spanish writer, lawyer, and politician who served as Prime Minister and the last President of the Second Spanish Republic, renowned as the father of the Republic during the Spanish Civil War

Polish anthropologist and ethnographer known for his lasting influence on ethnography, social theory, and field research

Polish anthropologist and ethnographer whose pioneering work in participant observation and functionalist theory profoundly shaped the discipline of anthropology

King of the Franks from 1031 to 1060, whose reign is often seen as emblematic of early Capetian challenges but also as a period of pragmatic leadership

French film director known for exploring consciousness, memory, and imagination through innovative narrative structures over a six-decade career

Florentine sculptor, goldsmith, and autobiographer whose works like the Cellini Salt Cellar and <em>Perseus with the Head of Medusa</em> defined Mannerist art

Haitian general and politician who led the Haitian Revolution, transforming a slave rebellion into a movement that established the first free black republic and earned him the title of national hero

Russian politician who served as Mayor of Moscow for 18 years, overseeing significant urban development and economic expansion, and was a co-founder of the United Russia party

British polymath, statistician, evolutionary biologist, and geneticist who established modern statistical science and integrated Mendelian genetics with natural selection, contributing significantly to the modern synthesis of evolution

British-French actress, singer, and model known for her distinctive style and influential career in film and music

King of Sweden from 1872 to 1907 and Norway from 1872 to 1905, presiding over a period of significant change in Scandinavian history

German artist known for his iconic caricatural drawings of 1920s Berlin life and his prominent role in Berlin Dada and New Objectivity

Swedish biochemist and Nobel laureate known for pioneering research in electrophoresis and adsorption analysis, especially for discoveries concerning serum proteins