Життя

Spanish romantic painter and printmaker, considered the most important Spanish artist of his time and a highly influential figure in Western art

British writer and physician best known for creating the iconic detective Sherlock Holmes and pioneering speculative fiction with The Lost World

French existentialist philosopher and feminist activist who wrote the influential work "The Second Sex" and helped launch modern feminist theory

British musician, songwriter, and peace activist, widely known as a founder of The Beatles and for his iconic solo album Imagine

British filmmaker known as the "Master of Suspense" who directed over 50 feature films and hosted the iconic Alfred Hitchcock Presents television series

British economist and mathematician known for developing Keynesian economics, considered the "father of macroeconomics" and one of the most influential economists of the 20th century

British philosopher, logician, and mathematician who championed humanitarian ideals and freedom of thought, awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature

Irish playwright, critic, and political activist awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature for his influential plays and stimulating satire

French novelist, critic, and essayist best known for his seven-volume novel À la recherche du temps perdu, widely considered one of the twentieth century's most influential literary works

French novelist, poet, and playwright known for his visionary science fiction works such as Around the World in Eighty Days and De la Terre à la Lune, a true futurist and children's writer

Venezuelan politician and military officer who served as president of Venezuela from 1999 to 2013, leading the Fifth Republic Movement and later the United Socialist Party of Venezuela

Polish-German Marxist theorist and revolutionary who co-founded the Spartacus League and championed socialist democracy, known for her influential writings on imperialism and revolution

English writer and poet born in British India who won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1907 for his exceptional narrative talent and imaginative works

South Korean masculism activist, human rights defender, and entrepreneur known for leading various men's rights organizations and establishing a shelter for vulnerable men

English computer scientist and cryptographer widely considered the father of theoretical computer science, known for formalizing computation with the Turing machine

Argentine writer, essayist, poet, and translator known for his profound short stories like Ficciones and El Aleph, which explored themes of labyrinths, infinity, and dreams, and significantly influenced magical realism and philosophical literature

Indian anti-colonial nationalist, statesman, and first Prime Minister of India, who promoted democracy, secularism, and non-alignment on the global stage

Swedish chemist and inventor known for inventing dynamite and establishing the Nobel Prizes

English mystery and detective writer known for creating Hercule Poirot and Miss Marple across 66 novels and 14 short-story collections

French stage actress who revolutionized 19th century theater and pioneered early cinema while excelling as painter and sculptor

German philosopher, sociologist, and economist who co-authored The Communist Manifesto with Karl Marx and developed the political and philosophical system known as Marxism

Mexican painter known for her autobiographical portraits, self-portraits, and works exploring identity, gender, and pain through a blend of realism and fantasy

Pioneering Swiss-French architect, designer, urbanist, and writer whose influential work shaped modern architecture and design globally