Хто народився у 1871

German politician who served as the first president of Germany from 1919 until his death in 1925, establishing democratic governance in a new republic

German writer known for his sociopolitical novels and fierce criticism of Nazism

Polish-German Marxist theorist and revolutionary who co-founded the Spartacus League and championed socialist democracy, known for her influential writings on imperialism and revolution

French chemist and Nobel laureate who discovered the Grignard reagent, revolutionizing the synthesis of organic compounds

French novelist, critic, and essayist best known for his seven-volume novel À la recherche du temps perdu, widely considered one of the twentieth century's most influential literary works

New Zealand physicist and chemist who was a pioneering researcher in atomic and nuclear physics, known as "the father of nuclear physics" and a Nobel Prize laureate

Italian Military General Officer and Marshal of the Royal Italian Army during both World Wars, who also served as Prime Minister of Italy from 1943-1944

French poet, essayist, and philosopher known for his poetry, fiction, and aphorisms on art, history, letters, music, and current events