Życiorysy

Norse explorer who founded the first Viking settlement in Greenland and extended European presence into the Arctic

Spanish physician, theologian, and Renaissance polymath who first described pulmonary circulation and authored *Christianismi Restitutio*

Swedish physicist who shared the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work in electron spectroscopy

Hungarian politician and economist who served as General Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party for 32 years

English physiologist and biophysicist who, with Alan Hodgkin, won the Nobel Prize for their discoveries on nerve impulse transmission

French poet known for his emotive style and as a precursor to the Romantic movement, whose life ended tragically during the French Revolution

King of Norway from 1957 until his death in 1991, renowned for his long and stable reign

Belgian inventor, musician, and instrument maker who invented the saxophone and redesigned the bass clarinet, among other musical innovations

Italian politician who served as the 45th Prime Minister of Italy from 1983 to 1987 and leader of the Italian Socialist Party

Greek-Italian artist and writer who founded the scuola metafisica art movement, known for his enigmatic paintings and profound influence on surrealism

French actor known for his influential roles in 32 films and his outspoken communist views, prominent in the poetic realism movement

French statesman who served King Louis XIV and developed Colbertism, a variant of mercantilism that organized the country's politics and markets

Japanese martial artist and founder of the martial art of Aikido, known respectfully as Kaiso or Ōsensei

British politician and Nobel Peace Prize winner known for his crucial role in bringing about the Locarno Treaty and serving as Foreign Secretary and Chancellor of the Exchequer

British actor, novelist, and military personnel known for his debonair screen presence and acclaimed performances, earning an Academy Award and two Golden Globe Awards

Canadian physicist who won the 1990 Nobel Prize for experiments proving the existence of quarks inside protons and neutrons

Japanese theoretical physicist known for his Nobel Prize-winning work on CP-violation and the prediction of three families of quarks

Soviet Armenian astrophysicist and science administrator, widely regarded as the founder of theoretical astrophysics in the Soviet Union

English biochemist awarded the Nobel Prize in 1929 for the discovery of vitamins, also discovered the amino acid tryptophan

British ballerina appointed prima ballerina assoluta of the Royal Ballet, known for her extraordinary career as a ballet dancer and performer

Distinguished Irish-English actor known for his extensive stage, film, and television career, including his BAFTA-winning performances and knighthood for services to drama

Scottish Nobel prize-winning physician and physiologist, co-discoverer of insulin and devoted researcher in carbohydrate metabolism

Scottish footballer and iconic manager of Liverpool Football Club, who led the team to three League Championships and the UEFA Cup, establishing a lasting legacy that reshaped the club's identity

French king known as 'the Quarrelsome' who emancipated serfs and readmitted Jews during his brief reign from 1314-1316