Hungarian-German physicist who won the 1905 Nobel Prize for his groundbreaking work on cathode rays and the photoelectric effect

English biochemist awarded the Nobel Prize in 1929 for the discovery of vitamins, also discovered the amino acid tryptophan

English mathematician and philosopher who created process philosophy, influencing fields from ecology to economics

King of Italy for nearly 46 years, who oversaw Italy's involvement in World War I and World War II, and the era of the Fascist regime

British statesman and Conservative politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom three times between the world wars

British mathematician known for number theory, mathematical analysis, and the Hardy–Weinberg principle

English occultist, writer, and prophet who founded the religion of Thelema