Who was born in 1838

Political activist and Islamic ideologist who founded Islamic Modernism and advocated Pan-Islamic unity

Japanese statesman who served as Prime Minister twice, founded Waseda University, and was a key advocate for Western science and parliamentary democracy during Japan's Meiji and Taishō eras

Scottish-American naturalist, writer, and early advocate for wilderness preservation, widely known as the 'Father of the National Parks'

French composer known for the enduring popularity of his opera Carmen and other Romantic era orchestral works