Born and died in 1560

Roi de France de 1559 à 1560 et roi d'Écosse en tant que consort de Marie, reine d'Écosse, de 1558 jusqu'à sa mort

King of Sweden from 1523 to 1560, he led the Swedish War of Liberation and secured Sweden's independence from the Kalmar Union

German Lutheran reformer, first systematic theologian of the Protestant Reformation, and influential designer of educational systems

French Renaissance poet and co-founder of La Pléiade who championed French literature's equality with classical traditions