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French physicist, poet, university teacher, and researcher, Nobel laureate in Physics (1966) for the discovery and development of optical pumping methods

American German-born psychoanalyst and essayist known for his theory of psychosocial development and coining the phrase 'identity crisis'

Austrian-British philosopher known for falsificationism, critical rationalism, and founding the London School of Economics Philosophy Department

German chemist and Nobel laureate known for discovering and developing the diene synthesis

Legendary Hollywood director who won three Academy Awards and holds the record for most Best Director nominations with twelve

French historian who led the influential Annales School and revolutionized historical methodology through his studies of Mediterranean civilization and capitalism

German filmmaker, photographer, and actress, known for controversial but innovative works during the Nazi era and her later acclaimed underwater photography

Canadian-American actress who became the first five-time Academy Award acting nominee and won Best Actress for The Divorcee (1930)

Swedish biochemist and Nobel laureate known for pioneering research in electrophoresis and adsorption analysis, especially for discoveries concerning serum proteins

British theoretical physicist who co-founded quantum mechanics, shared the 1933 Nobel Prize in Physics, and laid the foundations for quantum electrodynamics and quantum field theory

Brazilian president who built Brasília and implemented the ambitious "50 years in 5" development plan from 1956-1961

Hungarian-American physicist and mathematician, Nobel laureate recognized for fundamental symmetry principles in atomic and elementary particle theory