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Polish-American classical pianist celebrated for his interpretations of Chopin and a vast repertoire spanning eight decades of public performance

German admiral and intelligence chief who transitioned from a supporter of Hitler to a resistance fighter during World War II

Spanish Cubist painter, illustrator, and sculptor whose distinctive works are central to the Cubist movement

Brazilian composer, conductor, and multi-instrumentalist known for integrating Brazilian folk music with classical forms, creating over 2,000 works that made him a globally recognized South American composer

Argentine physiologist and Nobel laureate who discovered the role of pituitary hormones in regulating glucose metabolism

French poet and diplomat awarded the 1960 Nobel Prize in Literature for his visionary and evocative poetry

Italian saint, priest, stigmatist, and mystic venerated in the Catholic Church whose feast day is celebrated on 23 September

British evolutionary biologist, philosopher, and author known for his work on the modern synthesis and as the first Director-General of UNESCO

French American artist, inventor, and chess player who significantly influenced the avant-garde movement, known for his revolutionary readymades and diverse artistic pursuits

German physicist and university teacher who shared the 1925 Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom

Norwegian politician and military officer who headed the puppet government of Norway during the country's occupation by Nazi Germany during World War II

Belarusian-French artist known for his modernist paintings, stained glass, and illustrations, often reflecting his Jewish heritage and a wide range of artistic styles

German nobleman, jurist, and economist who served as Minister of Finance from 1932 to 1945 and briefly as de facto Chancellor in 1945

Last monarch of Austria-Hungary and the final ruler of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine, who reigned during the closing years of World War I

Austrian-Irish theoretical physicist who developed the Schrödinger equation and coined 'quantum entanglement,' sharing the 1933 Nobel Prize in Physics for his contributions to atomic theory

Nobel laureate in Literature and central figure of modern Hebrew literature, known for his profoundly characteristic narrative art depicting Jewish life

Croatian-Swiss Nobel laureate in Chemistry known for his work on polymethylenes, higher terpenes, and the first chemical synthesis of male sex hormones

Italian politician and 3rd President of Italy, renowned for his efforts to bring about an 'opening to the left' and his influential role during Italy's post-war era and decolonization

Chinese politician and military leader who led the Republic of China from 1928 until his death, establishing its government on Taiwan after 1949

Slovak politician, dictator, and Catholic priest who served as president of the First Slovak Republic during World War II

Pioneering Swiss-French architect, designer, urbanist, and writer whose influential work shaped modern architecture and design globally

German Nazi politician and military officer who co-founded and led the Sturmabteilung (SA), playing a key role in Hitler's rise to power

German field marshal who served during World War II and was later convicted of war crimes

Iconic British actor known for his memorable roles as Frankenstein's monster and his distinct voice work as the Grinch

British Army Field Marshal and writer, known for his leadership in the First and Second World Wars, including the Irish War of Independence, and his distinguished military career.

Hungarian-American mathematician known for his contributions to combinatorics, number theory, numerical analysis, probability theory, and his influential work in heuristics and mathematics education