Leben

French military and political leader who commanded the French Army in World War I and later led Vichy France during World War II

King of the Belgians and the founder and sole owner of the Congo Free State

American-born French dancer, singer, actress, military officer, and civil rights advocate, renowned as the first Black woman to star in a major motion picture

British Prime Minister (1955-1957), diplomat, and Conservative Party leader known for his expertise in foreign affairs and brief but consequential tenure during the Suez Crisis

Nobel laureate in Literature and central figure of modern Hebrew literature, known for his profoundly characteristic narrative art depicting Jewish life

Iranian mathematician and professor at Stanford University, known for her pioneering work in hyperbolic geometry and for being the first woman and first Iranian to receive the Fields Medal

France's beloved actor and comedian known for his high-energy performances and iconic facial expressions

German physicist and Nobel laureate who formulated Wien's displacement law, calculating blackbody emission

Spanish Nobel laureate novelist, poet, and essayist known for his intense prose and challenging vision of human vulnerability

Japanese singer and voice actor, affectionately known as 'Aniki,' who recorded over 1,200 songs for anime and tokusatsu, and founded the anison band JAM Project

British Liberal prime minister, writer, politician, diplomat, and statistician who served four non-consecutive terms as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom

Israeli politician who founded Herut and Likud, served as Prime Minister, and negotiated the historic peace treaty between Egypt and Israel

German-Swiss psychiatrist and philosopher whose work on psychopathology influenced diagnostic criteria and shaped modern theology and philosophy

Italian actor widely regarded as one of Italy's most iconic male performers of the 20th century, starring in 147 films and earning three Oscar nominations

Hungarian-American theoretical physicist who introduced group theory into physics and contributed significantly to the atomic bomb project, earning a Nobel Prize for his work on symmetry principles

South African singer, songwriter, actress, and civil rights activist known as Mama Africa, a prominent voice against apartheid

Swedish astronomer, physicist, and mathematician best known for proposing the centigrade temperature scale, which was later named Celsius in his honor, and for founding the Uppsala Astronomical Observatory

French novelist, art theorist, and statesman who won the Prix Goncourt for La Condition Humaine and served as France's first cultural affairs minister under Charles de Gaulle

British actress celebrated for her extensive career spanning over seven decades, known for her wit and iconic roles, and a recipient of the Triple Crown of Acting

Influential French filmmaker, actor, and critic, recognized as a founder of the French New Wave and a proponent of the auteur theory

German-Swiss artist and university teacher known for his highly individual style influenced by expressionism, cubism, and surrealism

British-American actor known for his debonair style, comic timing, and defining presence as a leading man during the Golden Age of Hollywood, earning him an Academy Honorary Award and ranking as the second-greatest male star by the AFI

Cuban national hero, poet, and revolutionary who led the independence movement against Spanish rule and became known as the 'Apostle of Cuban Independence'

French painter, illustrator, and graphic designer renowned for capturing the vibrant life of fin-de-siècle Paris, particularly its cabarets and theatrical scenes