من وُلد في 1886

Hungarian Communist revolutionary and politician who led the Hungarian Soviet Republic in 1919

British film director, screenwriter, producer, and actor, known for his work in early cinema and as a founder and president of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences

German architect and designer renowned as a pioneer of modern architecture, known for his minimalist aesthetic and iconic works like the "BRNO" Armchair and 860-880 North Lake Shore Drive

Austrian dramatic painter, writer, and poet known for intense expressionistic portraits and landscapes that shaped the Viennese Expressionist movement

King of Spain from birth to 1931, known as "El Africano" for his support of African colonial expansion, whose 45-year reign ended with the establishment of the Second Spanish Republic

Swiss Protestant theologian known for his significant commentary *The Epistle to the Romans*, his involvement in the Confessing Church and authorship of the Barmen Declaration, and his monumental *Church Dogmatics*

German novelist, poet, and physician known for his unique blend of medical insight and literary artistry, a five-time Nobel Prize in Literature nominee, and Georg Büchner Prize laureate

Luxembourgish-born German-French statesman, politician, and Venerable who was a principal founder of the European Communities, the Council of Europe, and NATO, and twice served as Prime Minister of France

French historian, medievalist, and a founding member of the Annales School who also served as a French resistance fighter

English physiologist and biophysicist who won the 1922 Nobel Prize for elucidating muscle heat and mechanical work, also co-founding biophysics and operations research

Alsatian sculptor, painter, and poet known for his significant contributions to Dadaism and abstract art

British organic chemist and Nobel laureate known for his investigations into plant products of biological importance, especially anthocyanins and alkaloids

German-Austrian ethologist and Nobel laureate known for decoding the honeybee's waggle dance and advancing the study of animal communication

French metaphysician, writer, and orientalist known for his traditionalist philosophy and writings on esotericism, symbolism, and initiation

Prolific Hungarian-American film director who shaped Hollywood's Golden Age with classics like Casablanca and The Charge of the Light Brigade

Mexican muralist whose large frescoes helped establish the mural movement in Mexican and international art

Swedish physicist and university teacher known for his Nobel Prize-winning discoveries and research in X-ray spectroscopy