من وُلد في 1883

Russian-Soviet writer, screenwriter, and novelist known for his works in science fiction and historical fiction, including 'Zolotoj Kljuchik' and 'Petr Pervyj'

British statesman and politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1945 to 1951 and was the longest-serving Labour Party leader

German-Swiss psychiatrist and philosopher whose work on psychopathology influenced diagnostic criteria and shaped modern theology and philosophy

Austrian political economist, Finance Minister, and Harvard professor known for his theories on capitalism and economic development

An influential Estonian poet, writer, translator, and journalist, known for 16 Nobel Prize in Literature nominations

British chemist and Nobel Laureate known for his investigations on carbohydrates and vitamin C, especially ascorbic acid, at the University of Birmingham

Greek writer, poet, and philosopher, widely considered a giant of modern Greek literature and the most translated Greek author worldwide

Czech humorist, satirist, and author best known for his unfinished satirical novel, The Fateful Adventures of the Good Soldier Švejk During the World War, which became the most translated novel in Czech literature

German-American architect who founded the Bauhaus School and pioneered modernist architecture and design education

Turkish politician and economist who served as the 3rd President of the Republic of Turkey from 1950 to 1960 and Prime Minister from 1937 to 1939

Spanish liberal philosopher and essayist known for his 'philosophy of life' and influential works like 'La rebelión de las masas'

British Army general and Viceroy of India who led significant campaigns in World War II and oversaw critical political transitions

French politician who served as Prime Minister during both the Third Republic and Vichy France, later tried and executed for Nazi collaboration during World War II

Austrian physicist and Nobel laureate known for his discovery of cosmic rays

British economist and mathematician known for developing Keynesian economics, considered the "father of macroeconomics" and one of the most influential economists of the 20th century

Bohemian writer and novelist from Prague whose works, including The Metamorphosis and The Trial, are known for their blend of realism and the fantastique, giving rise to the term 'Kafkaesque'

French fashion designer and businesswoman who founded the Chanel brand, popularized sporty casual chic, and created the iconic Chanel No. 5 fragrance

Japanese martial artist and founder of the martial art of Aikido, known respectfully as Kaiso or Ōsensei

Austrian composer and conductor, a leading figure of the Second Viennese School, known for his modernist atonal and twelve-tone music