من وُلد في 1845

American lawyer, statesman, and Nobel Peace Prize laureate who shaped international law and diplomatic relations

Emperor of Russia, King of Poland, and Grand Duke of Finland known for his reactionary domestic policies and as an art collector

Swiss writer, poet, and theologian awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1919 for his epic <i>Olympian Spring</i>

Italian prince who briefly reigned as King of Spain amidst deep political and social divisions

Russian-French immunologist, embryologist, and biologist, Nobel laureate for his foundational work on immunity and phagocytosis

French composer, organist, pianist, and teacher whose elegant musical style shaped 20th-century classical music, known for his Requiem and Pavane

French physician who won the 1907 Nobel Prize for discovering that protozoan parasites cause malaria and trypanosomiasis

Luxembourgish physicist and inventor, recognized with the Nobel Prize for his method of color photography based on interference

King of Greece from 1863 until his assassination in 1913, presiding over a half-century of national development