生平

Hungarian Communist revolutionary and politician who led the Hungarian Soviet Republic in 1919

French lawyer and statesman who served as President of France from 1924 to 1931

Pakistani musician, singer, and composer recognized as the "Shahanshah-e-Qawwali" for his powerful performances of Sufi devotional music and for introducing qawwali to the world stage

Italian politician, economist, and banker who served as President of Italy and is recognized as a founding father of the Italian Republic

French-American neuroscientist, Nobel laureate in Medicine 1977 for his work on neurohormones and peptide hormone production of the brain

Soviet and Russian actor, comedian, and voice artist known for leading roles in famous films and voicing Vinny Pukh (Winnie-the-Pooh)

French Queen and regent who connected Kievan Rus' with Western Europe, known for founding the Abbey of St. Vincent at Senlis

British chemist and Nobel Laureate known for his investigations on carbohydrates and vitamin C, especially ascorbic acid, at the University of Birmingham

Austrian composer and conductor, a leading figure of the Second Viennese School, known for his modernist atonal and twelve-tone music

Polish-born British-naturalised physicist and Nobel Peace laureate, recognized for his work towards nuclear disarmament after leaving the Manhattan Project due to his conscience

Austrian Nobel laureate and psychiatrist recognized for malariotherapy in treating dementia paralytica

Swedish architect, businessman, diplomat, and humanitarian who saved thousands of Jews in German-occupied Hungary during the Holocaust by issuing protective passports and creating safe houses

French novelist and dramatist known for works like 'La Seconde surprise de l'amour' and 'Le Jeu de l'amour et du hasard'

2nd President of the People's Republic of China and a leading figure in the Chinese Communist Party

Romanian-American cell biologist, physician, and Nobel laureate who discovered ribosomes and pioneered electron microscopy techniques

Bulgarian ruler from 1887 to 1918 who modernized the nation, achieved independence, and was also a recognized zoologist, ornithologist, and writer

Polish composer, conductor, and pedagogue known for his visionary contributions to contemporary classical music, including 'Threnody to the Victims of Hiroshima' and the 'St Luke Passion'

1st President of the Republic of Egypt and co-leader of the Free Officers movement that ended the monarchy

French philosopher and writer known for his contributions to poetics and the philosophy of science, including concepts like epistemological obstacle and break

German biochemist and Nobel laureate recognized for his fundamental discoveries in muscle metabolism and oxygen consumption

Scottish astronomer, mathematician, physicist, and inventor known for his work in physical optics, including the discovery of Brewster's angle and the invention of the kaleidoscope

French-Romanian poet and translator, Holocaust survivor, known for his unique German-language poetry and profound literary contributions

British-American actress known for portraying dignified women and being a top box-office draw during Hollywood's Golden Age

Swiss-born German actor and film director who was the first recipient of the Academy Award for Best Actor