生平

South Korean politician who served as the nation's seventh president from 1993 to 1998

Ethiopian politician and former rebel militant commander who served as President and Prime Minister of Ethiopia for over two decades

Bulgarian psychic and mystic known for her attributed foresight and healing abilities, who lived much of her life blind in the Belasica mountains

King of Norway for nearly 52 years, from 1905 until his death in 1957

Swiss author celebrated for her iconic children's novel, Heidi, which captured the hearts of readers worldwide and influenced generations of literature

Norwegian-American physicist and Nobel laureate who shared the 1973 Nobel Prize for his experimental discoveries regarding tunneling phenomena in superconductors

German journalist, writer, and politician who served as the first president of West Germany from 1949 to 1959, known for stabilizing democracy post-war

Polish resistance fighter and clinical nurse specialist who, as head of the children's section of Żegota, rescued approximately 2,500 Jewish children from the Warsaw Ghetto during World War II

Norwegian American physical chemist and theoretical physicist, Nobel laureate for his reciprocal relations in irreversible thermodynamics

The last King of Afghanistan, who reigned for almost 40 years from 1933 to 1973, becoming the longest-serving ruler since the Durrani Empire

French singer, songwriter, actor, and director renowned for provocative, genre-defying music and an influential figure in pop

German writer, soldier, and philosopher known for his World War I memoir *Storm of Steel* and his prolific contributions to conservatism, penning over forty books throughout his distinguished career

American astronaut and aerospace engineer, known as the first woman of Indian origin to fly to space

Iranian film director, screenwriter, poet, and photographer, widely regarded as one of the greatest and most influential filmmakers of all time

British explorer, army officer, writer, and scholar famed for his wide-ranging travels in Asia, Africa, and South America, and his mastery of up to 29 languages

German artist and printmaker known as one of the greatest portraitists of the 16th century, also contributing to religious art, satire, and book design

New Zealand-born English physicist and biologist whose X-ray diffraction studies were instrumental in the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA and its role in genetic information transfer

German chemist and Nobel laureate known for co-developing the Diels–Alder reaction, a crucial method for synthesizing cyclic organic compounds

Scottish actress widely praised for her portrayals of proper, ladylike women, earning six Academy Award nominations for Best Actress and becoming one of the most popular actresses in the world from the 1940s to the late 1960s

King of Hungary and Bohemia, and Duke of Austria, who was often known as "the Just" and shaped Central European politics from 1458 to 1490

French painter known for his empathetic depictions of peasant farmers and a founder of the Barbizon school, who also explored pure landscapes in his later career

Italian film director who pioneered neorealist cinema with influential films like Rome, Open City and Paisan

Prolific French playwright, filmmaker, and actor, known for his 115 plays and significant contributions to boulevard theatre

First President of Israel and British chemist instrumental in the Balfour Declaration and Israel's recognition