Ai đã sinh năm 1895

French novelist, playwright, and filmmaker known for his mastery across multiple literary and cinematic genres

German philosopher and sociologist known for developing critical theory and his leadership of the Institute for Social Research, associated with the Frankfurt School.

German writer, soldier, and philosopher known for his World War I memoir *Storm of Steel* and his prolific contributions to conservatism, penning over forty books throughout his distinguished career

Norwegian economist who coined 'econometrics,' 'microeconomics,' and 'macroeconomics,' and shared the first Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for developing dynamic economic models

Indian spiritual philosopher, mystic, speaker, and writer who rejected the role of World Teacher to advocate for individual inquiry and a radical transformation of mankind

Distinguished English poet, novelist, and critic known for works like 'Claudius the god' and his deep exploration of Greek and Irish mythology

German composer and music educator known for the cantata Carmina Burana and his influential Schulwerk concepts in children's music education

German bacteriologist and pathologist who received the Nobel Prize for discovering prontosil's antibacterial effects

Israeli politician, Prime Minister, and a founder of the Israeli Labor Party who led the nation through significant periods

Turkish military officer and politician who served as the 4th President of the Republic of Turkey from 1960 to 1966

Argentine military officer, politician, and statesperson who served as president of Argentina from 1946–55 and 1973–74, known for establishing Peronism, a lasting political movement

Albanian statesman who served as the nation's prime minister, president, and only king, guiding Albania from 1922 to 1939

Pakistan's first Prime Minister who consolidated the new nation from 1947 until his assassination in 1951

French poet, surrealist movement founder, writer, politician, artist, and French resistance fighter

King of the United Kingdom from 1936 to 1952, last Emperor of India, and first Head of the Commonwealth

Spanish Republican leader and communist politician renowned for her powerful '¡No Pasarán!' slogan during the Spanish Civil War