ชีวิต

German-born actress who became the first person to win multiple Academy Awards and first to win back-to-back Oscars

Pakistani Field Marshal who served as the country's second President from 1958-1969 and first native Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Army

Empress Consort of the French and Monarch of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla

German civil engineer and computer scientist who built the world's first programmable computer, the Z3, and designed the first high-level programming language

Polish Romantic poet, playwright, and philosopher, recognized as one of the "Three Bards" and the father of modern Polish drama

French novelist, playwright, and filmmaker known for his mastery across multiple literary and cinematic genres

French composer, organist, pianist, and teacher whose elegant musical style shaped 20th-century classical music, known for his Requiem and Pavane

French inventor and physicist who created heliography, producing the world's oldest surviving photograph of a real-world scene

Finnish chemist and professor awarded the 1945 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his research and inventions in agricultural and nutrition chemistry, especially for his fodder preservation method

Japanese architect and urban planner who designed the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park and helped define modern Japanese architecture globally

Dutch climatologist and Nobel laureate known for his work on atmospheric ozone and popularizing the term 'Anthropocene'

Last king of Romania, who also pursued careers as an aircraft pilot, military leader, stockbroker, and art collector

Austrian politician who served as Governor of Carinthia and led the Freedom Party of Austria, later founding the Alliance for the Future of Austria

Spanish virtuoso flamenco guitarist, composer, and record producer who pioneered new flamenco and fused it with classical and jazz

South African cardiac surgeon who performed the world's first human-to-human heart transplant operation

King and Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia who reigned from 1975 to 1982, overseeing a period of national growth and stabilization

German biochemist and physiologist who won the 1910 Nobel Prize for his pioneering work on the chemical composition of nucleic acids and proteins

Swiss chemist and biochemist who shared the 1937 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his investigations on carotenoids, flavins, and vitamins A and B2

Swedish author and journalist who created the internationally bestselling Millennium crime trilogy, published posthumously starting in 2005

Czech-American businesswoman, writer, and entrepreneur known for her managerial roles in the Trump Organization and authorship of several books

Hungarian-American physicist who conceived the nuclear chain reaction and helped launch the Manhattan Project

Celebrated Czech–English playwright and screenwriter known for his intellectually stimulating plays on human rights, censorship, and philosophical themes

Hungarian-American actor best known for his iconic portrayal of Count Dracula and other memorable horror film characters

South Korean journalist and politician who served as the second President of South Korea from 1960 to 1962, presiding over the short-lived Second Republic