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Israeli-American psychologist and economist who won the 2002 Nobel Memorial Prize for integrating psychological insights into economic science, becoming known as the 'grandfather of behavioral economics'

Soviet physicist and educator who shared the 1964 Nobel Prize in Physics for his fundamental work in quantum electronics, leading to the development of laser and maser

Turkish politician and economist who served as the 3rd President of the Republic of Turkey from 1950 to 1960 and Prime Minister from 1937 to 1939

German politician who served as the 8th President of Germany and Minister-President of North Rhine-Westphalia for two decades

Celebrated British actor, film director, and producer known for winning two Academy Awards for directing and numerous other accolades, and for iconic roles in films like Jurassic Park

Holy Roman Emperor and ruler of the Austrian Habsburg monarchy from 1711 to 1740, an esteemed monarch and art collector

Nobel laureate physical chemist known for his theory of dissipative structures, complex systems, and contributions to non-equilibrium thermodynamics

German Chancellor, diplomat, and military officer remembered for his significant political influence and role in the early 20th-century German government

Croatian politician and historian who became the first president of independent Croatia, serving from 1990 until his death in 1999

British actress known for her iconic roles during Hollywood's Golden Age and a career spanning five decades

French astronomer who created the influential Messier catalogue of 110 nebulae and star clusters, revolutionizing astronomical observation

Bedonkohe Apache military leader and medicine man known for his resistance campaigns against Mexican and U.S. forces

French general and politician who served as the third President of the French Republic and was elevated to Marshal of France by Napoleon III

Queen of Spain from 1833 to 1868 and the only queen regnant in the history of unified Spain

Swiss mathematician who founded modern probability theory, discovered the constant e, and developed the law of large numbers

Indian poet, writer, singer, and scholar who revolutionized Indo-Persian arts during the Delhi Sultanate

German philosopher of the continental tradition best known for his magnum opus on hermeneutics, Truth and Method

French actress, singer, screenwriter, and director celebrated for her distinctive presence and versatile contributions to cinema and music

King of Sweden and Norway, French field marshal, and founder of the Bernadotte dynasty

British author, poet, and playwright known for creating the beloved Winnie-the-Pooh stories and children's poetry

Australian-born Soviet and Russian physicist who shared the Nobel Prize in Physics for fundamental work leading to the development of the laser and the maser

French playwright and political activist, renowned for her Declaration of the Rights of Woman and other writings on women's rights and abolitionism

French 17th-century moralist and philosopher renowned for satirical character sketches and social observations of court life at Versailles

American writer and civil rights advocate renowned for his essays, novels, and plays, including Go Tell It on the Mountain and Notes of a Native Son, who significantly influenced discussions on race and human equality