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American astronomer who founded Lowell Observatory, popularized the idea of Martian canals, and initiated the search that led to the discovery of Pluto

Jewish writer and playwright known for his Yiddish stories, including those that inspired Fiddler on the Roof

American-British writer considered among the greatest novelists in the English language, bridging literary realism and modernism

American author, journalist, and social activist who pioneered commercial fiction and became an international literary celebrity

German writer, poet, playwright, novelist, and translator who became the first Queen Consort of Romania as the wife of King Carol I

French Symbolist artist known for his evocative drawings, prints, and paintings that explored the imaginative and subconscious world

Swedish politician, opinion journalist, and committed pacifist who received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1908 for his work for peace through arbitration and international law

Belgian Symbolist poet, writer, and playwright who was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature six times

Russian-French immunologist, embryologist, and biologist, Nobel laureate for his foundational work on immunity and phagocytosis

Spanish playwright, civil engineer, mathematician, and statesman who was awarded the 1904 Nobel Prize in Literature for his role in reviving Spanish drama

Polish writer, novelist, journalist, and philanthropist, Nobel Prize laureate known for historical novels like <em>Quo Vadis</em> and the Trilogy series