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American physiologist who, with Joseph Erlanger, won the Nobel Prize for discoveries relating to nerve fiber function

American-Puerto Rican poet and physician known for capturing the essence of everyday American life and pioneering a distinct modernist voice

American sociologist, historian, and Pan-Africanist civil rights activist who was the first African American to earn a doctorate from Harvard University

American former marine and laborer known for assassinating John F. Kennedy, the 35th U.S. President

American poet known for his realistic depictions of rural New England life and mastery of colloquial speech

Vietnamese Buddhist monk who self-immolated in 1963 to protest religious persecution, drawing worldwide attention to the plight of Buddhists under the Ngô Đình Diệm government

Hungarian-American mathematician, aerospace engineer, and physicist known for crucial advances in aerodynamics and the Kármán line, defining the threshold of outer space

Spanish Romani flamenco dancer, singer, and actor, known as 'La Capitana,' whose passionate performances captivated audiences worldwide and left a lasting legacy in the world of flamenco

Japanese film director and screenwriter known for his poignant explorations of family dynamics and intergenerational relationships in films like Late Spring, Tokyo Story, and An Autumn Afternoon

Polish sculptor, caricaturist, and medallic artist, known for designing coins, monuments, and medals, and a laureate of many artistic competitions

German and American composer, music theorist, teacher, violist, and conductor known for advocating the Neue Sachlichkeit style and compositions like "Mathis der Maler" and "Symphonic Metamorphosis of Themes by Carl Maria von Weber"

American poet and writer who advanced confessional poetry, best known for Ariel and The Bell Jar

American country singer known for her powerful voice and for successfully crossing over into pop music, securing multiple number-one hits

The 35th president of the United States, known for his leadership during the Cold War and as the youngest person elected to the presidency

German journalist, writer, and politician who served as the first president of West Germany from 1949 to 1959, known for stabilizing democracy post-war

Luxembourgish-born German-French statesman, politician, and Venerable who was a principal founder of the European Communities, the Council of Europe, and NATO, and twice served as Prime Minister of France

Turkish communist poet, playwright, and novelist whose lyrical work earned him international acclaim despite periods of imprisonment and exile

Founder and central figure of the anti-establishment Dada movement, a Romanian-French avant-garde poet, essayist, and performance artist.

First President of the Republic of India, instrumental in the Indian independence movement and constitutional development

French painter, sculptor, and collagist who, with Pablo Picasso, co-founded Cubism and also contributed significantly to Fauvism

A visionary French writer, filmmaker, poet, and designer, Jean Cocteau was a leading avant-garde artist of the 20th century, renowned for his diverse contributions across film, literature, and visual arts

British author and scholar best known for his classic children's series The Chronicles of Narnia and influential works of Christian apologetics

Head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of Vatican City from 1958 to 1963, remembered for his five years of leadership as Pope John XXIII

English writer and philosopher known for his nearly 50 books including the seminal novel `Brave New World`