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German Lutheran reformer, first systematic theologian of the Protestant Reformation, and influential designer of educational systems

British-born American comedian, actor, and entertainer whose illustrious career spanned nearly 80 years, encompassing vaudeville, network radio, television, film, and extensive USO Tours, becoming a beloved figure for his quick wit and dedication to entertaining troops

Indian and American Hindu monk, yogi, and guru who founded the Self-Realization Fellowship, bringing Kriya Yoga to the West and becoming known as the 'Father of Yoga in the West'

Italian-born French court writer, poet, and philosopher known for her prolific works for King Charles VI of France, including "The Book of the City of Ladies"

Austrian-born American filmmaker and screenwriter who earned seven Academy Awards and shaped classical Hollywood cinema

French chemist and physicist who won the 1935 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for discovering induced radioactivity

Indian classical sarangi player who popularized the instrument as a solo concert instrument and became the first internationally successful sarangi player

Spanish Baroque painter known for his religious works, intense chiaroscuro, and still-lifes, often called the 'Spanish Caravaggio'

English physicist and Nobel laureate who shared the 1937 Nobel Prize for discovering electron diffraction, demonstrating the wave nature of electrons

German writer known for his sociopolitical novels and fierce criticism of Nazism

English association football player and manager, widely considered one of the greatest of all time, who won the 1966 FIFA World Cup and the Ballon d'Or

Irish physicist and Nobel laureate who shared the 1951 Nobel Prize for achieving the first controlled nuclear transmutation by human means

Peruvian diplomat and politician who served as the fifth Secretary-General of the United Nations from 1982 to 1991 and later as Prime Minister of Peru from 2000 to 2001

English American author, journalist, and literary critic, known for his incisive intellect and contributions to New Atheism

King of Spain and Portugal known as the Planet King, a significant patron of the arts, and ruler during the Thirty Years' War

British socialist, theosophist, and women's rights activist who became the first female president of the Indian National Congress in 1917

Swiss-American physicist who won the 1952 Nobel Prize for developing nuclear magnetic resonance techniques that led to MRI technology

Italian Catholic prelate, diplomat, and politician who served as chief minister to Kings Louis XIII and Louis XIV, strengthening the French monarchy and leaving a significant legacy in French governance

English suffragist and political activist who organized the British suffragette movement, instrumental in helping women win the right to vote in Great Britain and Ireland in 1918

French marshal and military theorist who served as Supreme Allied Commander on the Western Front during the First World War in 1918

French painter who led the Realism movement and influenced Impressionists and Cubists

Shah of Iran from 1925 to 1941 and founder of the Pahlavi Dynasty, who rose from an army officer to become a prominent politician and monarch

Celebrated Greek-American film and theatre director, producer, screenwriter, and actor known for his influential work on Broadway and in Hollywood

King of France from 1498 to 1515, also known as Louis of Orléans, who briefly reigned as King of Naples