The seventh and last Shah of Iran's Qajar dynasty, who reigned from 1909 to 1925

British Prime Minister, Conservative politician, and philosopher who served as Prime Minister from 1902 to 1905 and Foreign Secretary from 1916 to 1919

Spanish military officer and politician who served as dictator and Prime Minister of Spain from 1923 to 1930 during the Bourbon Restoration

American statesman who served as the 27th President and 10th Chief Justice of the United States, the only person to hold both offices

English writer and poet whose modernist novels, such as Lady Chatterley's Lover, sparked widespread debate and challenged societal norms regarding sexuality and industrialization

Norwegian polar explorer, scientist, diplomat, and humanitarian who won the Nobel Peace Prize for his work with refugees and prisoners of war

Swedish ophthalmologist and physician awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his foundational work on the dioptrics of the eye

British writer and physician best known for creating the iconic detective Sherlock Holmes and pioneering speculative fiction with The Lost World

Irish-born American labor and community organizer, known as Mother Jones, who championed workers' rights, fought child labor, and co-founded the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)

German climatologist, geophysicist, and polar explorer whose wide-ranging research profoundly influenced Earth sciences

Slovene-Austrian Nobel laureate in Chemistry who developed the method of micro-analysis of organic substances