السير

French musician, conductor, and teacher who mentored many of the 20th century's leading composers and was the first woman to conduct major orchestras

French political economist and diplomat regarded as a chief architect of European unity and a founding father of the European Union

First Lady of the United States known for her White House hospitality, frugality, and personal style

American sociologist who developed social action theory and structural functionalism, a key figure in the establishment of sociology at Harvard University

American chemist and university teacher who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1965 for his groundbreaking work in the art of organic synthesis

Indian field hockey legend known for three Olympic gold medals, extraordinary ball control, and shaping India's dominance in the sport

Japanese association football player who represented his country on the national team

Italian composer, pianist, and conductor renowned for his iconic film scores, including those for Federico Fellini and The Godfather trilogy

13th Prime Minister of Canada who led the Progressive Conservative party to three election victories

American businessperson, politician, philanthropist, and art collector who served as the 41st Vice President of the United States and the 49th Governor of New York

Hungarian footballer and coach known as a prolific striker and a star of the legendary 'Mighty Magyars' and FC Barcelona

German biochemist and Nobel Laureate known for his discoveries in cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism

Afghan communist politician, writer, and founding General Secretary of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan who led the country's revolutionary government in the late 1970s

American poet and short-story writer known for meticulous observation and precise language, a Pulitzer Prize and National Book Award winner

British-born American astronomer and astrophysicist whose foundational work on stellar composition and variable stars shaped modern astrophysics

Swedish economist and politician whose pathbreaking theories on international trade and capital movements earned him the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1977

Finnish writer best known for his best-selling novel "The Egyptian," Mika Waltari was a prolific author across poetry, short stories, crime novels, plays, essays, and film scripts

Iconic American actor known as "Duke," who became a popular icon through his starring roles in Western and war movies during Hollywood's Golden Age

Jewish-German-born British biochemist who shared the 1945 Nobel Prize for the discovery and development of penicillin

British statesman and naval officer who served as Supreme Allied Commander, South East Asia Command, and oversaw India's independence as its last Viceroy and first Governor-General

Italian association football player and manager, widely regarded as one of the best players of the 20th century and a two-time World Cup winner who captained Italy to glory

Italian chemist who, with Karl Ziegler, developed catalysts for producing high-strength, ordered plastics like isotactic polypropylene, earning them a Nobel Prize

Renowned French film director and screenwriter, celebrated for cinematic masterpieces like La Grande Illusion and The Rules of the Game, and ranked among the greatest directors in history

English musician and bass guitarist who became the second bassist for the Sex Pistols and an icon of the punk subculture