生平

Russian chemist and photographer who pioneered color photography and documented early 20th-century Russia

American newspaper publisher whose empire shaped popular media and whose life inspired Citizen Kane

American astronomer and astrophysicist known for co-creating the Harvard Classification Scheme and meticulously cataloging hundreds of thousands of stars

Belgian painter, architect, and interior designer, known as a co-founder of Art Nouveau and a decisive influence on German Jugendstil architecture and design

American industrialist and entrepreneur who founded the Ford Motor Company, pioneering affordable automobiles for the middle class through the system of Fordism

Austro-Hungarian politician and heir presumptive whose assassination in Sarajevo directly triggered World War I

German judge and politician who served twice as Chancellor of Germany during the Weimar Republic, becoming its longest-serving chancellor

Belgian American inventor and chemist known as "The Father of the Plastics Industry" for inventing Velox photographic paper and Bakelite

British politician and trade unionist, Nobel Peace Prize laureate, and the first Labour cabinet minister who led the party in three different decades

German astronomer and astrophotography pioneer who revolutionized celestial observation and led the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory

French lawyer and statesman who served as President of France from 1924 to 1931

French Neo-Impressionist painter and graphic artist known for co-developing the Pointillism technique with Georges Seurat

British politician and Nobel Peace Prize winner known for his crucial role in bringing about the Locarno Treaty and serving as Foreign Secretary and Chancellor of the Exchequer

Greek-Egyptian poet and journalist known for his distinctive style, considered a major figure in modern Greek and Western poetry

Spanish-American philosopher, essayist, and poet known for sharp aphorisms and a unique perspective on culture and religion

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom who led the nation through the First World War, known for social reforms and negotiating the Irish Free State

French educator, historian, and sports official known as the founder of the modern Olympic Games and co-founder of the International Olympic Committee

Norwegian painter and graphic artist widely known for his iconic 1893 work, The Scream, and his profound contributions to modern art