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Last monarch of Austria-Hungary and the final ruler of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine, who reigned during the closing years of World War I

King of Sweden from 1523 to 1560, he led the Swedish War of Liberation and secured Sweden's independence from the Kalmar Union

French astronomer and mathematician best known for mathematically predicting the existence and precise location of the planet Neptune

American theoretical physicist and professor at the University of Chicago, born in Japan

Swiss playwright and novelist whose influential works delved into identity, morality, and political commitment, earning him numerous prestigious literary awards

Polish, Lithuanian, and American military leader, engineer, and national hero known for fighting in the American Revolutionary War and leading the 1794 Kościuszko Uprising

Swiss mathematician known for contributions to infinitesimal calculus and for educating Leonhard Euler

Swedish actress and model known for her iconic role as Sylvia in Federico Fellini's La Dolce Vita, a prominent figure in American and European cinema

French supercentenarian and the oldest person in history whose age has been verified, with a documented lifespan of 122 years and 164 days

Italian actor, lawyer, professional swimmer and water polo player, best known for his action-comedy and spaghetti Western roles alongside Terence Hill

French Impressionist painter and printmaker, celebrated for her vibrant and intimate portrayals of modern life

German composer and musician, son of Johann Sebastian Bach, recognized for his significant contributions to the Baroque and Classical eras, including numerous sonatas, concertos, and symphonies

Japanese statesman and diplomat who served as the first Prime Minister of Japan and played a central role in drafting the Meiji Constitution and establishing the National Diet

German general and military theorist who pioneered blitzkrieg tactics and developed modern tank warfare concepts

Austrian writer, satirist, and publicist known for his sharp critique of the press and politics, nominated three times for the Nobel Prize in Literature

German politician, jurist, and judge who served as President of Germany from 1994 to 1999, and the first president elected after German reunification

King of France from 1560 to 1574, known as the penultimate monarch of the House of Valois

English-American playwright and author best known for the beloved children's novels *Little Lord Fauntleroy*, *A Little Princess*, and *The Secret Garden*

Indian politician and statesman who served as Prime Minister of India from 1964 to 1966, following his role as Home Minister

Argentine politician who served as president of Argentina for ten years, leading the nation from 1989 to 1999

Last King of Greece, reigning from 1964 until the abolition of the Greek monarchy in 1973

King of Spain, previously Duke of Parma and King of Naples and Sicily, known for advocating enlightened absolutism and regalism during his reign

Emperor of Japan from 1912-1926 who presided over the Taishō democracy era and Japan's emergence as a modern world power

Aragonese Jesuit, baroque prose writer, and philosopher known for The Art of Worldly Wisdom and the novel El Criticón