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New Zealand-born English physicist and biologist whose X-ray diffraction studies were instrumental in the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA and its role in genetic information transfer

German chemist and Nobel laureate known for co-developing the Diels–Alder reaction, a crucial method for synthesizing cyclic organic compounds

Scottish actress widely praised for her portrayals of proper, ladylike women, earning six Academy Award nominations for Best Actress and becoming one of the most popular actresses in the world from the 1940s to the late 1960s

King of Hungary and Bohemia, and Duke of Austria, who was often known as "the Just" and shaped Central European politics from 1458 to 1490

French painter known for his empathetic depictions of peasant farmers and a founder of the Barbizon school, who also explored pure landscapes in his later career

Italian film director who pioneered neorealist cinema with influential films like Rome, Open City and Paisan

Prolific French playwright, filmmaker, and actor, known for his 115 plays and significant contributions to boulevard theatre

First President of Israel and British chemist instrumental in the Balfour Declaration and Israel's recognition

French polymath, writer, and jazz musician known for his avant-garde novels and controversial works published under the pseudonym Vernon Sullivan

French artillery officer whose wrongful conviction for espionage sparked the historic Dreyfus affair, exposing antisemitism and judicial error in France

Italian director, screenwriter, and theatre innovator, known for pioneering neorealism and later creating grand cinematic epics exploring European history and societal decay

King of the Belgians who navigated the tumultuous period of World War II and was known for his passions as a photographer and naturalist

French classical liberal theorist, political economist, and member of the French assembly, known for his writings on free markets and limited government

German writer, poet, and screenwriter, celebrated for his humorous children's books such as Emil and the Detectives, and his socially astute poetry

Japanese actress, seiyū, and stage actor known for iconic roles in films like "Godzilla" (1954) and "The Mysterians" (1959)

Nigerian politician who served as the President of Nigeria from 2007 until his death in 2010, previously a university teacher and entrepreneur

French painter and lithographer, a key pioneer of the Romantic movement best known for 'The Raft of the Medusa'

Swedish-French actor known for his 70-year career in film, television, and theatre, appearing in over 150 films and nominated for two Academy Awards

French philosopher, mathematician, and political scientist who championed Enlightenment ideals like free markets, public education, and equal rights for all

King of the Belgians who earned the title "Knight King" for his courageous leadership during World War I

Japanese politician who served as Prime Minister of Japan, known for privatizing state-owned companies and advocating for a pro-United States foreign policy and neoliberal economic policies

English portrait and landscape painter renowned for his quick brushwork, light palette, and capturing the essence of both human subjects and natural scenery

Japanese manga artist and character designer widely celebrated for creating the Dragon Ball franchise and recognized as one of the most influential authors in the history of manga

French intellectual and literary figure known for his philosophical and literary explorations of eroticism, mysticism, surrealism, and transgression