Cuộc đời

Swiss activist, politician, economist, journalist, and Nobel Peace Prize laureate recognized for his directorship of the Bern Peace Bureau

French economist and Nobel laureate who revolutionized market theory through mathematical analysis and interdisciplinary research

Chinese politician who served as the 2nd Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party and 2nd Premier of the People's Republic of China after Mao Zedong's passing

Brazilian president who built Brasília and implemented the ambitious "50 years in 5" development plan from 1956-1961

English singer and songwriter known for his role in One Direction and his successful solo career with notable pop hits

French physicist, astronomer, and mathematician who co-discovered the Biot–Savart law, established the reality of meteorites, made an early balloon flight, and extensively studied the polarization of light

American-born visual artist who pioneered photographic techniques and contributed to Dada and Surrealist movements in Paris

Polish-British philosopher and sociologist known for his work on liquid modernity, consumerism, and the Holocaust

Japanese ukiyo-e artist and xylographer, considered the last great master of the ukiyo-e tradition, renowned for iconic series like 'Fifty-three Stations of the Tokaido'

Third President of India, former Vice President, and esteemed Indian educationist

Filipino revolutionary, statesman, and military leader who was the first president of the Philippines and the first president of an Asian constitutional republic

Polish-Swiss chemist and Nobel laureate, recognized for his isolation of cortisone, which revolutionized medical treatments

Austrian chemist and Nobel laureate known for his research on colloids, co-inventing the slit-ultramicroscope, and developing membrane filters

Czech-Austrian Marxist theorist, economist, philosopher, and journalist, widely known as the 'Pope of Marxism' for his authoritative promulgation of orthodox Marxism and his influence on the Social Democratic Party of Germany and the Second International.

Austro-Hungarian otologist and Nobel Prize laureate known for his work on the vestibular apparatus, which garnered him the 1914 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

Visionary Polish film director and screenwriter known for Dekalog, The Double Life of Veronique, and the Three Colours trilogy

Chief mistress of King Louis XV of France and influential court favourite, remembered for her roles as politician, lady-in-waiting, and salonnière

Swiss physicist and Nobel laureate recognized for his pioneering work in high-temperature superconductivity

Belgian Symbolist poet, writer, and playwright who was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature six times

German politician, last crown prince of Austria-Hungary, and long-serving head of the House of Habsburg, known for advocating European unity

Spanish diplomat and sports official who served as the seventh president of the International Olympic Committee from 1980 to 2001

Italian architect and engineer, a founding father of Renaissance architecture, famous for the Florence Cathedral dome and linear perspective

Irish actor, singer, film director, and writer known for his roles in British New Wave cinema and international blockbusters, an icon of stage and screen

Irish-born British figurative painter known for raw, unsettling imagery focusing on the human form and figures isolated in geometrical structures