زندگیاں

French sculptor and artist, considered the founder of modern sculpture, known for iconic works such as The Thinker and The Gates of Hell

The last German Emperor and King of Prussia, reigning from 1888 to 1918, who was also an author, painter, and art collector

Yugoslav communist revolutionary and statesman who led Yugoslavia as prime minister and president, commanded the Yugoslav Partisans in WWII, and co-founded the Non-Aligned Movement

French classical composer, pianist, and music critic who was among the most influential composers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, pioneering an evocative style often associated with Impressionism

British singer-songwriter known for her distinctive contralto vocals and eclectic blend of soul, rhythm and blues, and jazz music

Italian general, patriot, and republican known as the "Hero of the Two Worlds" for his central role in the Unification of Italy and the creation of the Kingdom of Italy, one of Italy's "fathers of the fatherland"

French mathematician, theoretical physicist, engineer, and philosopher of science, known as "The Last Universalist" and "the Gauss of modern mathematics"

French physicist and chemist, Nobel laureate for pioneering work on radioactivity with Marie Curie

Canadian singer, songwriter, poet, and novelist known for his deep, introspective lyrics on faith, love, and mortality, honored with the Order of Canada and multiple Hall of Fame inductions

British author and scholar best known for his classic children's series The Chronicles of Narnia and influential works of Christian apologetics

Nobel Prize-winning Peruvian, Spanish and Dominican novelist, journalist, essayist, and politician known for his cartography of power structures and trenchant images of individual resistance

French philosopher, mathematician, and sociologist who formulated the doctrine of positivism and invented the term 'sociology'

Russian jurist and opposition leader recognized as a political prisoner for his anti-corruption activism and work on human rights

French mathematician and physicist known for Fourier series, Fourier analysis, and the discovery of the greenhouse effect

Belgian playwright and Nobel Prize winner known for Symbolist dramas exploring death and the meaning of life

Catalan architect and designer, known as the greatest exponent of Catalan Modernisme and creator of the iconic Sagrada Família church

French Post-Impressionist and Symbolist painter and printmaker, celebrated for his experimental use of color and Synthetist style, as well as his influential wood engravings and woodcuts

Last Queen of France before the French Revolution, executed during the Reign of Terror in 1793

Israel's first and only female Prime Minister, a politician who previously worked as a teacher

Austrian poet and writer acclaimed for exploring themes of subjective experience and mysticism in the German language

French revolutionary lawyer and politician who championed voting rights, self-defense, and the abolition of the Atlantic slave trade, becoming one of the most influential figures of the French Revolution

British science fiction writer and humorist, best known as the creator of "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" and a visionary across radio, books, and film

English writer, poet, playwright, and science fiction pioneer, author of Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus

Chinese politician and paramount leader who initiated China's era of reform and opening up, transitioning the nation toward a socialist market economy