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American architect known as a "father of skyscrapers" and "father of modernism" for his innovative designs and the phrase "form follows function"

American astronaut and Air Force colonel who commanded Apollo 8, the first mission to orbit the Moon

American chemist and Nobel laureate who developed pioneering catalysts for olefin metathesis, revolutionizing organic synthesis

American composer who created a distinctive 'American sound' in classical music, earning him the title 'Dean of American Music'

American musician, composer, and singer, celebrated as the lead vocalist of Soundgarden and Audioslave, known for his powerful voice and extensive songwriting

American director and comedian who earned EGOT status for his iconic work across film, theatre, and comedy

American geneticist who discovered X-ray induced mutations and warned of radiation dangers

American actress known for her Triple Crown of Acting achievement, starring on Broadway in <i>Come Back, Little Sheba</i> and on television in <i>Hazel</i>

American football legend, Heisman Trophy winner, and actor whose later life was consumed by legal controversy

Activist and Provisional Irish Republican Army member who died on hunger strike in prison after being elected to the UK Parliament

Irish physicist and naturalist who proved the greenhouse effect and explored glacier motion and the scattering of light

English naturalist whose theory of evolution by natural selection explained the diversity of life

Polish polymath who developed the heliocentric model of the universe, placing the Sun rather than Earth at its center

English polymath whose theories on gravity and motion, and contributions to calculus and optics, laid the foundation for modern science

American television screenwriter and producer who created the science fiction series and universe Star Trek

American actor known for his charming, roguish leads in <i>Maverick</i> and <i>The Rockford Files</i>, and for films like <i>The Great Escape</i>

American author who created Conan the Barbarian and fathered the sword and sorcery genre

Netherlands-born American astronomer who pioneered planetary science and whose theoretical work led to the naming of the Kuiper belt

American chemist known for discovering the Heck reaction, a palladium-catalyzed coupling fundamental to organic synthesis and the production of pharmaceuticals like naproxen

American political philosopher known for his work on libertarianism in Anarchy, State, and Utopia and his counterfactual theory of knowledge

American voice actor, comedian, and television host known for his work in children's television, commercials, and animated characters like Sonny the Cuckoo Bird

American sociologist who developed social action theory and structural functionalism, a key figure in the establishment of sociology at Harvard University

American psychologist and writer who championed psychedelic drugs for mind expansion and challenged conventional thought, becoming a counterculture icon

American actress and humanitarian who was blacklisted by Hollywood and became a lifelong activist for social causes