ชีวิต

French politician who served as the 86th Prime Minister of France from 1981 to 1984 and Mayor of Lille from 1973 to 2001

King of Spain from 1746 to 1759, known as 'the Learned' and 'the Just', and the third ruler of the Spanish Bourbon dynasty

Longest-serving Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs and Vice Chancellor of Germany, a key figure in German and European politics

Award-winning British and American actress, known for her extensive stage, film, and television career, achieving the Triple Crown of Acting

Ukrainian-Brazilian writer, poet, and journalist known for her innovative and introspective works that explored intimacy and diverse narrative forms

French astronomer and author who explored the cosmos through popular science, early science fiction, and psychical research

Jewish-Polish biochemist who formulated the concept of vitamins, fundamentally altering understanding of nutrition and disease

British-American actor, comedian, and screenwriter, best known as half of the legendary comedy duo Laurel and Hardy

German-American evolutionary biologist, taxonomist, and tropical explorer who helped formulate the modern evolutionary synthesis and the biological species concept

Austrian politician and jurist known as the 'Father of the Republics' for leading the first government of the Republic of German-Austria, the First Austrian Republic, and becoming the first President of the Second Republic after World War II

Japanese industrialist and founder of Panasonic, renowned for his innovative business philosophies and practical approach to technology

French statesman and cunning Minister of Police who navigated the French Revolution and Napoleonic eras with unparalleled strategic skill

Kenyan politician who served as the second president of Kenya for 24 years, making him the country's longest-serving president

South African and American physicist who, despite not holding a scientific doctorate, won the 1979 Nobel Prize for his foundational work on X-ray computed tomography (CT)

English physical chemist and Nobel laureate recognized for his groundbreaking researches into the mechanism of chemical reactions and expertise in chemical kinetics

French mathematician and engineer renowned for the Coriolis effect and his work on kinetic energy and the concept of 'work' in physics

Brazilian educator and philosopher known for his work in critical pedagogy and the influential book, Pedagogy of the Oppressed

Swedish politician, opinion journalist, and committed pacifist who received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1908 for his work for peace through arbitration and international law

German Generalfeldmarschall and Oberbefehlshaber West during World War II, known for over 52 years of distinguished military service

Spanish Baroque lyric poet and Catholic priest known for developing the ornate culteranismo style, a major figure in Spain's Golden Age of literature

French novelist, essayist, diplomat, and playwright renowned for his influential contributions to interwar French drama and literature

Venezuelan-American immunologist and Nobel laureate who discovered major histocompatibility complex genes, vital for the immune system's self-recognition

German philosopher and historian of philosophy known for his neo-Kantian approach and his extensive works on the philosophy of symbolic forms

King of Sweden from 1604 to 1611, youngest son of Gustav I, who solidified the Vasa dynasty