Ukraine

Austrian-American psychiatrist, psychoanalyst, sex educator, and sociologist known for his radical theories and influential works like <em>The Mass Psychology of Fascism</em>

Polish Romantic poet, playwright, and philosopher, recognized as one of the "Three Bards" and the father of modern Polish drama

Austrian novelist and journalist best known for his family saga Radetzky March and his novel of Jewish life Job

Polish science fiction author, philosopher, and futurologist, globally renowned for his novel Solaris and his satirical insights into humanity's future

French physicist who invented the multiwire proportional chamber and received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1992

Russian Marxist revolutionary, central figure in the October Revolution and Russian Civil War, whose ideas founded Trotskyism

Estonian teacher and linguist best known as the creator of Interlingue (Occidental), an international auxiliary language

Ukrainian politician and economist who served as the first President of Ukraine, leading the nation to independence from the Soviet Union

Russian philosopher and Christian existentialist who emphasized human freedom and the spiritual significance of the human person

Nobel laureate in Literature and central figure of modern Hebrew literature, known for his profoundly characteristic narrative art depicting Jewish life

Russian-French immunologist, embryologist, and biologist, Nobel laureate for his foundational work on immunity and phagocytosis