French lawyer, politician, and writer renowned for his timeless work on the philosophy and pleasure of food, <i>Physiologie du goût</i>

Italian Catholic priest, mathematician, and astronomer renowned for establishing the Palermo Observatory and discovering the dwarf planet Ceres

Founding Father and second U.S. president who led the American Revolution and served as a diplomat in Europe

American Founding Father, principal author of the Declaration of Independence, and third U.S. President

French physician and musician who invented the stethoscope, revolutionizing medical diagnosis