France

French philosopher known for his work on literature, film, and art, co-authoring *Capitalism and Schizophrenia* with Félix Guattari

French classical liberal theorist, political economist, and member of the French assembly, known for his writings on free markets and limited government

French physicist, engineer, and military officer known for Coulomb's law, describing electrostatic attraction and repulsion, and for pioneering work in friction and soil mechanics

French poet and writer known for seminal works like "Les Amours de Cassandre" and "Sonnets pour Hélène", a key figure in the Pléiade movement who revitalized French verse

Celebrated French writer, playwright, and novelist known for epic historical adventures like The Count of Monte Cristo and The forty-five guardsmen

French artist recognized for his versatile work as a painter, sculptor, and designer, contributing to French visual culture throughout his life

French rock and roll and pop singer and actor who brought rock and roll to France

French physicist and astronomer who invented the Foucault pendulum, measured the speed of light, discovered eddy currents, and named the gyroscope

French author, poet, politician, and anarchist, a major figure in the Paris Commune and a key personality of anarchism

French naval officer, oceanographer, filmmaker, and author who co-invented the Aqua-Lung and pioneered underwater documentaries

French politician who served as the 93rd Prime Minister of France from 1997 to 2002 during a period of political cohabitation

French artillery officer whose wrongful conviction for espionage sparked the historic Dreyfus affair, exposing antisemitism and judicial error in France