French microbiologist who identified lice as the transmitter of epidemic typhus, earning him the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1928

Greek politician and statesman who served as Prime Minister for over 12 years, leading the national liberation movement and the Liberal Party

Austro-Hungarian otologist and Nobel Prize laureate known for his work on the vestibular apparatus, which garnered him the 1914 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

German historian and philosopher best known for his work <em>The Decline of the West</em> and his organic theory of civilization lifecycles

English author and Christian apologist known for his wit, paradoxical style, and defense of tradition, who was a dominant figure in early 20th-century literature

Austrian writer, satirist, and publicist known for his sharp critique of the press and politics, nominated three times for the Nobel Prize in Literature

Spanish poet, playwright, and theatre director, an emblematic member of the Generation of '27 who introduced tenets of European movements into Spanish literature

Spanish essayist, novelist, poet, playwright, philosopher, and academic, celebrated for his existential philosophy and Modernist novels