German organic chemist who won the 1930 Nobel Prize for his research on haemin and chlorophyll synthesis

German chemist who won the 1930 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his synthesis of haemin and research into chlorophyll

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom who led the nation through the First World War, known for social reforms and negotiating the Irish Free State

Austrian-born German politician, dictator of Germany from 1933 to 1945, main instigator of World War II, and central figure in the perpetration of the Holocaust

German philosopher and historian of philosophy known for his neo-Kantian approach and his extensive works on the philosophy of symbolic forms

German Lutheran pastor, theologian, and anti-Nazi dissident known for his influential writings and leadership in the Confessing Church

German Nazi Party official, head of the Nazi Party Chancellery, and private secretary to Adolf Hitler, known for his role as a Holocaust perpetrator and war criminal

French poet, essayist, and philosopher known for his poetry, fiction, and aphorisms on art, history, letters, music, and current events

Hungarian composer, pianist, and ethnomusicologist who integrated folk music with avant-garde styles, becoming one of the 20th century's most important classical figures

Norwegian politician and military officer who headed the puppet government of Norway during the country's occupation by Nazi Germany during World War II

French politician who served as Prime Minister during both the Third Republic and Vichy France, later tried and executed for Nazi collaboration during World War II

British chemist and physicist who won the 1922 Nobel Prize for his mass spectrograph, which led to the discovery of isotopes in non-radioactive elements and the enunciation of the whole-number rule