នរណាកើតក្នុងឆ្នាំ 1912

British statesman who uniquely held all four Great Offices of State and served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom

Supreme Leader of North Korea from 1948 to 1994, founder of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea

Chinese-American physicist known for the Wu experiment, disproving parity conservation, and contributions to the Manhattan Project

English computer scientist and cryptographer widely considered the father of theoretical computer science, known for formalizing computation with the Turing machine

German communist politician and leader of East Germany for nearly two decades, serving as General Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party and Chairman of the State Council, known for close ties to the Soviet Union

Italian film director and screenwriter best known for his 'alienation trilogy' and influential contributions to world art cinema

Italian pope who served for 33 days in 1978, known as the "Smiling Pope" for his warm, accessible leadership style

German politician, last crown prince of Austria-Hungary, and long-serving head of the House of Habsburg, known for advocating European unity