Born and died in 1909

Romanian-French playwright and intellectual who pioneered the Theatre of the Absurd, transforming 20th-century avant-garde theatre with works like The Bald Soprano

Austrian American management consultant, educator, and author who shaped modern management theory and popularized concepts like management by objectives and self-control

Indian nuclear theoretical physicist credited as the "father of the Indian nuclear programme" and founder of key scientific institutions

Irish-born British figurative painter known for raw, unsettling imagery focusing on the human form and figures isolated in geometrical structures

Ghanaian politician, political theorist, and revolutionary who led Ghana to independence and championed Pan-Africanism

Celebrated Greek-American film and theatre director, producer, screenwriter, and actor known for his influential work on Broadway and in Hollywood

Chinese politician and paramount leader who initiated China's era of reform and opening up, transitioning the nation toward a socialist market economy

The first King of Morocco who was instrumental in achieving the nation's independence from colonial rule

Afghan military officer and politician who became the first President of Afghanistan after leading the 1973 coup

Australian actor known for his romantic swashbuckler roles during the Golden Age of Hollywood

『The Setting Sun』や『No Longer Human』などの現代古典で称賛される日本の小説家・短編作家

Japanese association football player who represented the Japan national team

King of the Belgians and the founder and sole owner of the Congo Free State

初代内閣総理大臣を務め、明治憲法の起草と帝国議会の設立に中心的な役割を果たした日本の政治家・外交官

Spanish virtuoso composer and pianist renowned for his post-romantic piano works, especially Suite Iberia, which infused Spanish folk music into classical compositions and influenced European classical music and Spanish nationalism

British novelist and poet of the Victorian era known for pioneering psychological depth in his novels and for his complex, distinctive prose

Bedonkohe Apache military leader and medicine man known for his resistance campaigns against Mexican and U.S. forces