1885年に生まれた方々

Mother of Prince Philip and paternal grandmother of King Charles III, who was an aristocrat, nurse, nun, and dedicated charity worker

United States Navy fleet admiral who commanded Allied forces in the Pacific Ocean Areas during World War II

Prolific French playwright, filmmaker, and actor, known for his 115 plays and significant contributions to boulevard theatre

German publicist and politician who founded the virulently antisemitic newspaper Der Stürmer and was convicted as a war criminal

Austrian composer known for integrating Romantic lyricism with the twelve-tone technique, leaving a powerful and expressive legacy in 20th-century classical music

Danish author and short story writer known for her works under the pen name Isak Dinesen, including 'Den afrikanske farm'

Hungarian Marxist philosopher and literary critic who developed the theory of reification and contributed to Western Marxism

French painter who co-founded the Orphism movement, revolutionizing modern art through bold use of color and geometric abstraction

Prolific French author, biographer, historian, novelist, and critic known for his insightful works across various genres and for making complex subjects accessible

German Marxist philosopher known for his optimistic teleology of mankind's history and works like "THE PRINCIPLE OF HOPE"

Hungarian radiochemist and Nobel laureate recognized for developing radioactive tracers and co-discovering hafnium

Austrian-American director and actor known for his uncompromising vision in silent films like Greed and his later roles, including Max von Mayerling in Sunset Boulevard

American-German psychoanalyst who challenged Freudian theory, founded feminist psychology, and highlighted cultural influences on psychology

English writer and poet whose modernist novels, such as Lady Chatterley's Lover, sparked widespread debate and challenged societal norms regarding sexuality and industrialization

American poet, critic, and major figure in early modernist poetry, known for <em>Ripostes</em>, <em>Hugh Selwyn Mauberley</em>, and <em>The Cantos</em>, who also worked as a writer, composer, journalist, and translator, influencing 20th-century literature

French novelist, dramatist, and Nobel Prize winner in Literature (1952) known for spiritual insight and artistic intensity in exploring human life

German chancellor and economist who led the country during the challenging years of the Great Depression

German mathematician, theoretical physicist, logician, and philosopher known for his association with the Göttingen tradition of mathematics

Russian writer and Futurist poet celebrated for his linguistic innovations and experimental approach to literature

American historian and philosopher who, with his wife Ariel, wrote the eleven-volume <i>The Story of Civilization</i>, bringing history and philosophy to a wide audience

American physician and Nobel laureate who, after surviving diabetes thanks to insulin, co-discovered a life-saving treatment for pernicious anemia