American author known for his seminal 1951 novel, The Catcher in the Rye, and his acclaimed short stories

American historian, playwright, and activist known for challenging traditional historical narratives and advocating for civil rights

British-American actress known for her prolific career in film, television, and stage, transitioning from a child star in Britain to a Hollywood icon

American biochemist and geneticist who broke the genetic code, revealing how DNA directs protein synthesis

Japanese association football player who represented his country on the national team

British fashion designer and couturier known for founding his eponymous label and his influential tenure at Givenchy, recipient of multiple Designer of the Year awards

Soviet chess grandmaster and World Champion, known for his record 17 Chess Olympiad medals and musical career

Scottish physician and pharmacologist who shared the Nobel Prize for Medicine for developing propranolol and cimetidine through rational drug design

French artist known for his vibrant paintings, sculptures, and designs, often associated with the Art Brut movement

Spanish diplomat and sports official who served as the seventh president of the International Olympic Committee from 1980 to 2001

First Lady of Poland and economist who dedicated her life to public service alongside her husband, President Lech Kaczyński

American actress known for her roles as Julia Sugarbaker on Designing Women and Randi King on Family Law

Polish politician and lawyer who served as the 4th President of Poland from 2005-2010, democratic oppositionist, and former Mayor of Warsaw who died in the Smolensk air disaster

French-American artist known for large-scale sculpture and installation art, who explored themes of domesticity, sexuality, and the unconscious

American actor, filmmaker, photographer, and visual artist known as a key figure of the New Hollywood era

American actor, comedian, and television director, best known as the high-profile child star Arnold Jackson in the late 1970s and 1980s sitcom Diff'rent Strokes

American heavy metal singer, composer, musician, and songwriter known for fronting bands like Elf, Rainbow, Black Sabbath, Dio, and Heaven & Hell

American singer, actress, dancer, and activist whose career spanned over seventy years across film, television, and theater

Nigerian politician who served as president and was known for his commitment to transparency and electoral reform

Versatile British and American actress and writer, recognized for her extensive career in film, television, and theatre, as well as her literary works.

South Korean actor and singer celebrated for his roles in film and television, and his contributions to Korean ballad music

Lithuanian politician who served as the first democratically elected president of post-Soviet Lithuania and later as Prime Minister

Portuguese novelist, screenwriter, and Nobel laureate who crafted imaginative parables offering subversive perspectives on history and reality

Russian mathematician known for solving Hilbert's thirteenth problem and co-founding KAM theory, who advocated for a physical, intuitive approach to mathematics

Soviet and Russian poet, writer, lyricist, painter, and printmaker known for his influential work during the Khrushchev Thaw

American stage and film actress who won an Academy Award, Golden Globe, and Tony, celebrated for roles in 'Hud,' 'The Day the Earth Stood Still,' and 'Breakfast at Tiffany's'

American actor known for a six-decade career in over 100 films, achieving peak popularity in the 1950s and early 1960s, and also serving as a writer, military officer, and painter

French physicist who invented the multiwire proportional chamber and received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1992

American actress, visual artist, and activist known for her early film roles and her celebrated comeback in <i>Titanic</i>

French New Wave director known for his psychologically astute thrillers often depicting the darker side of bourgeois life with a signature detached observation

Argentine lawyer and politician who served as President of Argentina from 2003 to 2007, pioneering the political approach known as Kirchnerism

Polish-born French and American mathematician known for coining the word 'fractal' and developing the field of fractal geometry

Australian dramatic coloratura soprano known for revitalizing the bel canto repertoire in classical opera

French economist and Nobel laureate who revolutionized market theory through mathematical analysis and interdisciplinary research

Soviet and Russian poet, short story writer, and translator known as 'the voice of the epoch' in Russia

Canadian-American actor and comedian known for his prolific career and iconic deadpan humor

Russian diplomat and politician known for serving as Prime Minister from 1992-1998 and leading the transition to a market economy

American filmmaker known for directing iconic comedies like the Pink Panther series and Breakfast at Tiffany's, as well as powerful dramas

American analytical chemist and Nobel laureate who developed electrospray ionization, a key technique for analyzing large molecules