American poet and educator known for "Paul Revere's Ride" and <em>The Song of Hiawatha</em>, and for being the first American to translate Dante's <em>Divine Comedy</em>

American philosopher, essayist, and poet who led the Transcendentalist movement, championing individualism and critical thinking

English naturalist whose theory of evolution by natural selection explained the diversity of life

English poet, illustrator, and painter who co-founded the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood and influenced the Aesthetic movement

American outlaw, Confederate guerrilla, and train robber known for leading the James–Younger Gang

Italian general, patriot, and republican known as the "Hero of the Two Worlds" for his central role in the Unification of Italy and the creation of the Kingdom of Italy, one of Italy's "fathers of the fatherland"

First Lady of the United States known for her strong support of President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War and her personal struggles

Hungarian poet, writer, translator, and journalist known as the "Shakespeare of ballads" for his 102 ballads and the Toldi trilogy

French diplomat and writer known for his theories on scientific race and the Aryan master race

French lawyer and republican politician who proclaimed the Third Republic and championed democratic governance