Poland

Polish-born French and American mathematician known for coining the word 'fractal' and developing the field of fractal geometry

German bacteriologist and pathologist who received the Nobel Prize for discovering prontosil's antibacterial effects

264th pope of the Catholic Church, sovereign of Vatican City, and a human rights defender known for his long and influential papacy

Polish poet and Nobel Prize winner known for ironic precision in exploring fragments of human reality

German novelist and essayist who became one of the most important voices from the former East Germany

German-American experimental physicist who won the 1943 Nobel Prize for developing molecular beam techniques and discovering the proton's magnetic moment

Polish resistance fighter and clinical nurse specialist who, as head of the children's section of Żegota, rescued approximately 2,500 Jewish children from the Warsaw Ghetto during World War II

Prussian-German field marshal of the German Empire and statesman who served as President of Germany, known for leading the Imperial German Army during World War I and appointing Adolf Hitler as Chancellor

Polish film director, screenwriter, and politician, recipient of an Honorary Oscar and Palme d'Or, known for his war film trilogy: A Generation, Kanał, and Ashes and Diamonds

Polish composer and virtuoso pianist of the Romantic period, celebrated for his works primarily for solo piano, known for his poetic genius and unparalleled technique