Born and died in 1914

German politician and jurist who served as President of West Germany from 1979 to 1984, combining legal expertise with diplomatic experience during the Cold War era

Austrian-American actress and co-inventor of an early technique for spread spectrum communications and frequency hopping

British biochemist and Nobel laureate who, with Archer Martin, invented partition chromatography

Welsh poet and writer known for works like 'Do not go gentle into that good night' and 'Under Milk Wood', who became widely popular in his lifetime and after his death

The last King of Afghanistan, who reigned for almost 40 years from 1933 to 1973, becoming the longest-serving ruler since the Durrani Empire

American scientist, physicist, and chemist who led the Homestake experiment, the first to detect solar neutrinos, and shared the 2002 Nobel Prize in Physics

Norwegian anthropologist, adventurer, and explorer who led the Kon-Tiki and Ra expeditions, challenging theories of ancient migration and seafaring capabilities

Japanese association football player who represented the Japan national team alongside his two brothers

Argentine and naturalised French novelist, short story writer, poet, essayist, and translator, known as a founder of the Latin American Boom who influenced an entire generation of Spanish-speaking readers and writers

Japanese association football player who represented his country on the national team, alongside his brother Masao Nozawa

Finnish children's writer, illustrator, painter, and comic strip author, best known as the creator of the Moomins and for her distinctive art style

France's beloved actor and comedian known for his high-energy performances and iconic facial expressions

Scottish-American naturalist, writer, and early advocate for wilderness preservation, widely known as the 'Father of the National Parks'

French poet, essayist, and editor who blended socialism and nationalism with his Catholic faith, tragically killed in World War I

French / Occitan Socialist leader, writer, and politician who unified socialist parties and championed antimilitarism

Austro-Hungarian politician and heir presumptive whose assassination in Sarajevo directly triggered World War I

French Provençal poet and lexicographer who won the 1904 Nobel Prize in Literature and founded the Félibrige literary movement

Swiss lawyer and politician who won the 1902 Nobel Peace Prize for his practical leadership of international peace organizations